Preheat your oven to 325 degrees. Spray three 8-inch round cake pans with nonstick spray, line the bottom of each pan with parchment paper, and spray again. Set aside.
In a medium bowl or measuring cup, combine and stir egg whites and the vanilla. Set aside.
In a stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment, combine the butter and the sugar. Beat until light and fluffy, about 3 minutes on medium-high speed.
Turn the mixer to medium speed and add the egg mixture in three additions, scraping down the sides and bottom of the bowl between each addition.
After the egg white mixture is added, scrape down the sides and bottom of the bowl again and then beat on medium-high speed for about 3 minutes. The mixture will become lighter in color and fluffier in texture.
In a separate bowl, whisk together the flour, the baking powder, and the salt.
With the mixer on low speed, alternately add the flour mixture and the buttermilk, starting and finishing with the flour.
Gently fold in the sour cream until no streaks of white remain.
Using a kitchen scale, divide batter evenly among your pans (about 22 to 24 ounces in each) and bake for about 40 to 45 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the center of the cakes comes out with a few moist crumbs on it.
Let the cake layers cool on racks for 15 minutes before inverting onto greased wire racks to cool completely.
Once the cakes are cooled completely, divide the layers in half with a cake leveler or serrated knife.